Monday 25 January 2021

Drowning in Nineties Anime, Pt. 92

Personally I'd say this is one of the most interesting selections we've had yet, with the sad finale of my Black Jack OVA marathon, an odd and forgotten title that arguably deserves a little better, and an exciting find born of some seriously nerdy investigation.  But while all of that's interesting to me, it's our fourth title that's fascinated many an anime fan in the years since it's release: Giant Robo has been on my radar for a long, long time, and at last I've got round to it.

So does it live up to its weighty reputation?  Let's take a look at Black Jack: Incubation, Madonna, Mermaid's Scar and Giant Robo...

Black Jack: Incubation, 1995-1996, dir: Osamu Dezaki

Here we are, then, with what for our purposes is the last volume of these Black Jack OVAs that I've managed to review so completely out of order: there's one I haven't covered, but not only is it impossible to find, it came out a year too late for our purposes*.  And honestly, I'm a bit heartbroken to know there won't be any more, since they've been so reliably excellent.  But by the same measure, there were points this time around when I found myself wondering if perhaps it wasn't for the best that the makers restrained themselves to ten episodes that were as strong as these are, rather than pushing on and letting a weak one slip through.

What set me thinking in that direction was the first of the two episodes on this disk, The Owl of San Merida, which is, for my money, the worst of the ten.  It's the one, at any rate, where the various formulae feel too readily apparent and where all the minor flaws stand out most starkly.  Black Jack, our super-surgeon hero, does almost nothing by way of being a protagonist, and is reduced almost entirely to an observer, as we the viewer are, watching a cryptic plot slowly unravelling itself.  And by the time we reach the end, it doesn't altogether feel worth the effort; there's a supernatural twist that's both awfully predictable and not terribly convincing.  On top of that, there's a lack of really striking moments in the animation, which, with Dezaki being Dezaki, is one thing you can generally rely on.  Yet to be clear, The Owl of San Merida is still pretty good.  Certainly its central gimmick, of a man who manifests bullet wounds that heal seconds later, makes for some great body horror, and there's enough intriguing stuff amid the narrative to make it perfectly satisfying.

At any rate, Night Time Tale in the Snow, Lovelorn Princess makes up for its predecessor's relative failings and then some.  This doesn't, it has to be said, immediately look like it's going to be the case, with a baffling jumping-off point that appears to involve Black Jack and his assistant Pinoko being sucked into an historical drama after their car gets snowed under in the middle of nowhere.  Initially, this seems as though its going too far in the other direction, chucking the Black Jack formula and its tenuous adherence to realism out the window, but given that the story is pretty splendid and how entertaining it is watching Black Jack being unfazed by the situation - at no point does he even bother to ask why everyone's dressed like they're in a samurai drama! - it actually works out shockingly well.  And Dezaki is back at his best, conjuring striking scene after striking scene, while keeping his wilder instincts largely in check.  But what really makes Night Time Tale in the Snow, Lovelorn Princess is the lovely coda that comes along after it seems the tale has run its course; the result is a superlative ghost story - of sorts! - and one of the strongest episodes this remarkable series has turned out.

Obviously it would have been nice to have two episodes that were operating at that level, but as with the prior volumes, the very fact of having a pair that are so wholly different does favours to them both.  Plus, if this was your entry point into the series, I doubt the issues with The Owl of San Merida would stand out so harshly; though conversely, maybe the dramatic shift of the Night Time Tale in the Snow, Lovelorn Princess might seem a little too odd.  Whichever way you shake it, I guess this isn't quite in the top tier of these disks, but for such a startlingly consistent show, that's not much of a complaint.

Madonna, 1988, dir: Akinori Nagaoka

The inspirational high school sports subgenre is so damn old that there are probably cave paintings about washed-up former mammoth hunters who've grown too fond of their fermented berry juice taking a bunch of disillusioned young cavemen under their wing and leading them to the top of the mammoth-hunting tables.  And anime certainly hasn't been immune to such tales, so on the face of it, Madonna - which has nothing to do with the pop singer and everything to do with Mako Domon, new teacher at a school decades past its prime, who gets landed with the worst class available and is so disgusted by their antics that she's ready to chuck the towel in until she finds herself mentoring their newly formed rugby club - is about as familiar as you could imagine.

However, in many ways, Madonna bucks the trends for this sort of thing altogether.  Mako is neither a middle-aged man nor an alcoholic, which sets her apart from the vast bulk of her fellow protagonists, and nor does she know a thing about rugby.  The grizzled veteran player will show up eventually, but even he strays from type in a few notable aspects, and the emphasis is always on Mako, who's an appealingly flawed character and nobody's idea of an inspirational teacher; indeed, she really couldn't care less about teaching, a job she ambled into because she'd heard there were long holidays and no overtime, and even once we're past the bumpy stretch in which she's winning the bad kids over and earning their respect, she never changes that much.  Her arc is more one of growing in confidence than of inspiring it in others, and there's a sense that she and the kids she's supposedly introducing to the adult world are actually growing up alongside each other.

But speaking of those tribulations, it's the first half of Madonna that feels least akin to the classic model for these stories, and is perhaps the element that makes it toughest to recommend three decades down the line.  Mako, being an attractive young woman, goes through quite a different set of trials than a male counterpart would, and much of it makes for a tough watch.  Mako gets sexually harassed no end of times, sexually assaulted, and at one point almost raped, and though the show doesn't trivialise any of that, it's still a difficult watch, and there's no question that a modern attempt would have to approach this stuff very differently.  On the other hand, I do think credit's due for keeping us tied so hard to Mako's point of view and resisting any bid to lighten the mood; Madonna is especially good at granting us small moments in which we see how these traumas have got past Mako's armour and made her feel less safe in the world, and for an OVA from the late eighties, that's not nothing.

Indeed, Madonna as a whole does a good job of not playing to the cheap seats.  Many of the teens we're encouraged to believe are capable of redemption start out as thoroughly nasty pieces of work, but we see enough of the environment they're existing in to understand a little of how they've turned out this way.  Here, the animation bears a lot of the weight in selling the rundownedness of everything and how it's seeped into the folks forced to navigate these environments.  The character designs end up somewhere between simple and ugly, but in a way that feels deliberate; Mako, for example, isn't portrayed as some stunning beauty but as a woman just attractive enough to occupy the attention of a bunch of troublesome teens who aren't as worldly-wise as they pretend to be.  The simplicity of the character animation feels less purposeful and more budgetary, but at least the backgrounds are routinely striking, or rather, well-painted representations of mostly grim and rotten urban environments.  It's not the sort of OVA that will wow anyone with its visuals, but they're of a piece with the story it's telling.

Where all that leaves us is harder to pin down.  This was clearly an incredibly minor release at the time - AnimeWorks didn't bother with a dub, or even with that mainstay of DVD "features" the animated menu - and it's easy to see why nobody had an enormous amount of faith in it.  There's no way you could make this material feel wholly fresh, and though the animation is fit for purpose, that's hardly the same as saying it's a joy to look at.  On the other hand, Madonna does do quite a fine job of finding new ways into its hackneyed material, more so than many a better-known counterpart, and at the very least, rugby is an intriguingly weird sport to focus on.  It's definitely not one I personally have the least interest in, so the fact that Madonna manipulated me into caring about the fortunes of a team made up of juvenile delinquents I thoroughly despised not an hour before is surely a testament to something.

Mermaid's Scar, 1993, dir: Morio Asaka

1991's Mermaid Forest was a pretty fine slice of supernatural horror, so it's no small thing that Mermaid's Scar, the follow-up made two years later, betters it in every way.  It helps, mind you, that the former got stuck with all the setup and world-building, and arguably Mermaid's Scar would suffer if you didn't watch them in order.  However, it might equally be that its script just does a much more concise job of laying out its concept - eating the flesh of a mermaid has the potential to make you immortal, but the much greater potential to screw you up in horrible ways - and is thus much quicker to get into the good stuff and stay there.

This time around, our protagonists Yuta and Mana happen to encounter a young boy who's returning to live with his mother for the first time in years, and as they take up temporary jobs nearby, they soon have reason to suspect that he's being ill-treated.  Saying any more than that would spoil things, especially since Mermaid's Scar doesn't do terribly well at hiding its first major twist - and actually, I told a fib at the start, that's probably the one point on which Mermaid Forest does win out.  But then, it doesn't matter a great deal, since I suspect writer Tatsuhiko Urahata (or else original author Rumiko Takahashi) wanted us to get out ahead a little so that what comes after can land that bit harder.  Really, the reveal toward the middle is more significant for how it pushes the narrative onto a new path that only gets darker and nastier the more we learn.

 Director Asaka, surely known mostly for his extensive work on the show Cardcaptor Sakura and its accompanying movies, turns out to have absolutely terrific instincts for horror, always going for the gut rather than cheap shocks or scares, and he also demonstrates a solid grasp of three-dimensional space, resulting in something that feels oddly physical and real and leading to some especially persuasive action sequences.  And while I doubt the budget here was stellar, the animation is thoroughly slick, and more importantly, well attuned to the storytelling, often visually driving home what the sparse script gets to leave largely unsaid.  By way of an example, the way the grislier moments are all the more potent because these characters who've suffered so many injuries over the centuries hardly acknowledge them is great in both giving us an insight into their existence and leaving us thoroughly freaked out.

Plainly, I highly recommend this: there aren't many titles that have done such a splendid job of mining the awful extremes that living forever could so easily lead to if the circumstances or the personalities involved should go wrong enough, and the last ten minutes is one of the finest horror climaxes of any title from this particularly fertile period of anime history.  But as is so often the case - and especially so when it comes to OVAs adapting Rumiko Takahashi stories, it seems - availability is a bit of an issue.  There's a not-so-wonderful print of the Viz dub on Youtube, but weirdly, that dub can also be found on DVD, which is how I watched it: a bit of detective work revealed that the French release actually has it as an option, if you don't mind hard-coded French subtitles.  That release isn't terribly easy to come by either, but it's absolutely worth keeping an eye out for: Mermaid's Scar is in the top tier of nineties horror OVAs and a damn good piece of horror filmmaking by any metric.

Giant Robo the Animation: The Day the Earth Stood Still, 1992-1998, dir: Yasuhiro Imagawa

Getting your head around the look of the thing is a great way into understanding what Giant Robo is up to, and also a handy insight into what makes it so special.  The impression is of a 1930s radio drama adapted in the 1960s and then brought to life with the finest animation the 1990s had to offer, and the result is deeply old-fashioned without actually feeling so or coming across as especially nostalgic; it's more like a vision of an alternate-universe future born of an alternate past than an adaptation of dated science fiction.

This is heightened no end by the strange quirk that's perhaps  Giant Robo's most notable feature.  In a stroke of genius born of adversity, an unfortunate rights issue that made a faithful adaptation of Mitsuteru Yokoyama's Giant Robo manga impossible led to a reimagining that pillaged characters from every corner of the writer's vast output, meaning that suddenly heroes from Chinese legend were rubbing shoulders with robots and mad scientists.  This oughtn't to work, but it does, and wonderfully so, mostly because Giant Robo the OVA commits to it wholeheartedly without ever really acknowledging it: there are a team of superheroes and a team of supervillains, and many of each have an awful lot in common with characters from works like The Water Margin and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and that's just how things are.  In practise, the mashup is brilliantly odd and exciting, mostly because it lets the creative team go nuts with such an enormous amount of cool stuff: cool magic powers and abilities, cool robot designs, cool evil giant eyeballs, cool character designs, and all of it held together by that aesthetic I touched on at the start, one that's retro in the best possible way, taking elements from the past and making them fresh and new.  Add to that Masamichi Amano's poundingly epic score and animation that gives the impression the budget was basically "What do you need?" and you have a show that's never less than a feast for the senses.

And how I wish all this was attached to slightly more of a story!  For the first two or three episodes, the issue's barely noticeable: the setup, of terrorist organisation Big Fire setting out to shut down the world's energy by sabotaging the nigh-ubiquitous Shizuma Drive that provides universal clean and unlimited power, is enough to get us out the gate, and from there, ample twists and turns make the narrative feel more involved than it really is.  Plus, Giant Robo is exceedingly good at substituting incident for narrative in a fashion that you barely notice while it's happening; every scene has its own rushing momentum that's easy to be caught up by.  However, for me, that all fell apart a little by the end, first because of a penultimate episode that abruptly started flinging in major new characters in a manner that felt slightly desperate and then with a major twist that I'd seen coming since near the beginning and was pretty ruinous in its own right.  I'll say only that Giant Robo has a textbook Idiot Plot, and that if one character had been clearer in their instructions, it would have saved an awful lot of trouble.

This is, I think, enough to rob Giant Robo of the classic status that, in so many other ways, it thoroughly earns.  And that's a crying shame; a bit of tightening, a bit of rewriting, and I'd be more than happy to call this the masterpiece many consider it to be.  On the other hand, even with those niggling issues meaning I didn't quite love it, I was still blown away by it on a regular basis.  So while I'm a little cooler on it than many, I wouldn't question for a second that Giant Robo earns its status as one of those shows you have to see if you're remotely serious about vintage anime.  And for that matter, its unique aesthetic lends it a timelessness not much from the nineties can boast.  Perhaps you need to not think too hard about it, but on the level of sheer experience, Giant Robo is hard to beat.

-oOo-

I'd be lying if I said Giant Robo wasn't a disappointment - and we're talking here about a title that I spent years hunting down on DVD and then upgraded to blu-ray before I'd watched it, so strong was its reputation!  Which I get, I do, but I can't help wondering how so many people looked past what an enormously dumb turn the plot takes.  Then again, I did finally get to Giant Robo during a Christmas break spent in lockdown, so it's fair to say I wasn't in the best state of mind.  There's every chance a rewatch would go some way to changing my opinion, and to be clear, disappointment or no, I still really liked it.

That aside, our standout here has to be Mermaid's Scar.  Given how much time I spent poring over smudgy image captures of the box trying to figure out whether Amazon's claim of an English language option was true - before I eventually stumbled over a grab of the actual DVD menu! - it would have been a shame if it had been rubbish, but I hadn't dared hope it would be quite so good as it was.



[Other reviews in this series: By Date / By Title / By Rating]


* By U.S. Manga Corps' release schedule, this was Black Jack: Biohazard, and it's absolutely superb, even in the bafflingly subtitled Malaysian edition that I watched.

Monday 18 January 2021

Drowning in Nineties Anime, Pt. 91

The last time I set out to review a bunch of longer OVAs, I got it wrong and ended up with a couple of series sneaking in there, but this time around, there'll be none of that nonsense.  Everything here is most definitely an OVA (well, except for the one that wants to be an OAV instead, and who am I to argue?) and I get to keep pretending that, even though I'm reviewing thirteen half-hour episodes that were probably shown on TV at some point or another, I'm absolutely, definitely not reviewing TV shows.

And that categorically-TV-show-free line up consists of: Record of Lodoss WarRanma 1/2: The OAV Series, Patlabor OVA Series 1, and The Legend of the Dog Warriors: The Hakkenden...

Record of Lodoss War, 1990, dir: Akinori Nagaoka

The worst thing about Record of Lodoss War is that it puts its best foot forward, and in so doing, sets a standard it will have trouble sticking to and on occasions will stray very far from indeed.  The first of its thirteen episodes couldn't be more of a mission statement, establishing from the opening moments that we're in the realms of classic-style, unashamedly trope-filled epic fantasy: our protagonists are a party of adventurers that feel precisely as though they've been rolled up minutes before by a group of gamers for whom originality was the most trivial of concerns, and the twenty-some minutes of plot finds them navigating a dungeon so that they can fight their way past - yeah, you guessed it! - a dragon.  A red dragon, no less.

And the thing is, it's pretty terrific.  Anyway, if you have any fondness at all for this brand of fantasy it is.  In its lack of irony and subversiveness, there's a deep appeal to Record of Lodoss War, and the reason the franchise has endured so successfully is because, however you feel about what it's doing, it does that thing tremendously well.  Nowhere is that truer than in this first episode, which, partly due to a basic richness to its world and characters and partly due to some tremendously strong animation and Mitsuo Hagita's magnificent score, manages to be a minor masterpiece in its own right.

It's hard to forget an opening that strong, and of course Record of Lodoss War doesn't want us to, if only because we'll immediately be flashing back to earlier events for quite a while.  However, it also doesn't have anything like the budget to keep up this visual standard for thirteen episodes, and at its lowest points, the memory of how good the show looked in its glory days is more galling than inspiring.  By the middle stretch, which includes a major battle that doesn't feel remotely major and a two-episode-long scrap against a dragon that scarcely moves, it's tough not to be disappointed.  And it's almost made worse by the fact that there's always the lovely opening and closing sequences to show off precisely the tone of brazenly romantic high fantasy the show's striving for, and always that score of Hagita's, and always the character designs, which nail the balance between archetypes and individuals with a sense of inner life.

That middle section comes dangerously near to being a slog, and its where Record of Lodoss War's other weaknesses become most apparent.  For one, it's not the easiest thing to keep up with: the story may not be what anyone would call complex, but it's a challenge to remember who in its large cast is where, and why, and who's meant to be important at any given moment.  But more harmful is that the character we reliably return to is the young swordsman Parn, and Parn is an annoying idiot with a habit of starting fights he can't win.  Even worse, he manages to undermine the single best character, high-elf sorcerer Deedlit, who spends an inordinate amount of time mooning over him and yelling his name as he screws up yet again, rather than being the awesome kick-ass sorcerer she's been shown to be.

Parn, it has to be said, never quite redeems himself, though he comes close.  But the show as a whole absolutely does, and its final run of episodes is near enough to being on a par with that fine opening that it's easy to forget how far it strayed.  And for me anyway, it was the successes that stuck with me rather than the flaws, in part becomes the ending does such a solid job of bringing everything and everyone together and making the results shine with all the money saved by the earlier scrimping.  If every moment of Record of Lodoss War was as lavishly brilliant as its best episodes, we'd be looking at a classic for the ages, and what we get instead is more of a minor classic with some conspicuous faults, but that's still enough to place it among the finest epic fantasy adaptations I've come across.

Ranma 1/2 OAV Series, 1993 - 1996, dir: Junji Nishimura

It's hard to imagine a better series of OVA episodes than the twelve Ranma 1/2 received between 1993 and 1996*.  They range from good to excellent, with the majority in the latter category.  More impressively yet, there's almost no sense of repetition, or reuse of ideas, or even of unoriginality, and given how many a good anime show has fallen back on clichés like the Christmas episode and the hot springs episode, that's remarkable.  I mean, the Ranma 1/2 OAV Series actually includes both of those, but they're brilliant and refuse to go to obvious, well-mined places.  The latter, for example, actually busies itself with female lead Akane swapping bodies with a vengeful doll, which is about as far from your usual hot springs episode as it's possible to get.

And, for me anyway, this was all a little weird, because Ranma 1/2 had been largely in the shadow of Rumiko Takahashi's other enormously famous creation, Urusei Yatsura, a show I'd gained a much better impression of.  I don't think it's controversial to suggest that Urusei Yatsura got far superior movies than Ranma 1/2 did: I've quite a bit of fondness for The Battle of Nekonron, China! and some at least for Nihao My Concubine, but neither is in the same league as something like the classic Beautiful Dreamer, and both give the unfair sense of a show that could do with more in the way of ideas.

Now my theory is that Ranma 1/2 just wasn't a good fit for a feature-length running time - and its noteworthy that Urusei Yatsura, which stretched so well to films, delivered a rather lacklustre set of OVAs.  The latter, with its enormous cast and expansive setting, had big places to go, but Ranma 1/2 is more small-scale and domestic, centring as it does on a single household.  On the other hand, it has that bit more going on beneath the surface, and I think the reason these OVAs succeed is that there's such a range of humour and so many interlocking sets of jokes.  Ranma and Akane's fractious relationship is a solid foundation, and the number of amusing side characters who are eager to split them up for selfish reasons adds another layer, and all of that would work well enough even without the central gimmick of half the cast being shapeshifters of one sort or another.  A lesser creator would have got as far as Ranma's gender-swapping and called it a day, but here that's one gag among a panoply of others, and often the joy of watching comes from how all those levels of humour, some clever, some dumb, some acerbic, some sweet, play off each other.

And here I am, analysing comedy, which is a fool's game and something I'm hopelessly underqualified to do, when what really matters is that the Ranma 1/2 OAV Series flat out nails it.  Moreover, most entries are sufficiently well plotted that they'd be engaging even if they weren't so amusing, and the technical standards are always as good as is needed, stretching to big action scenes or neat character beats and never giving the impression that anything's been scaled down to a budget.  Oh, and the music's splendid too, which should hardly be a surprise by this point.  Really, these episodes are a joy from start to finish, and their sole limitation is that it helps to go in with a degree of knowledge about the franchise.  But hey, a read of the first manga volume, or else a watch of the first film and five minutes on Wikipedia, will get you up to speed, and you'll be amply rewarded for the time investment.

Patlabor: Early Days, 1988 - 1989, dir's: Mamoru Oshii, Naoyuki Yoshinaga

The tricky part in reviewing the first Patlabor OVA series is that it's essentially two shows in one.  The first is a relatively-standard-for-the-time take on a relatively novel concept: it's a giant robot show that would much rather hang around with the folks who use said giant robots, in this case the Patlabor police squad, the eccentric bunch responsible for combating the new forms of crime that have grown out of society's increasing dependence on towering robotic "labors".  Amid a sizeable cast, the primary protagonists are Noa, who's so attached to the labor she's named Alphonse that the opening theme is a love song from her to it, and Asuma, son of a wealthy industrialist, who's patently just along for the ride.  And the plots across the first four episodes are for the most part as nonchalant and goofy as the characters, drifting between cop show action and such casual weirdness as a ghost story and a pastiche of kaiju movies.  Even the art style has a certain laid-back looseness to it, and in general there's the impression of a property that's unwilling to take itself too seriously.

Then along come the fifth and sixth episodes, the two-parter that is "The SV2's Longest Day", and everything changes.  Some of that's fairly subtle, like the way the focus shifts toward the unit's captains Goto and Nagumo, and thus immediately becomes that bit more mature simply by having protagonists who are older than anime tends to favour; some of it's hard to miss, like how abruptly the show decides to become a political drama that hardly includes the Patlabor police squad for its first half and only lets them near their labors for a minute or two at the end.  And I think it's fair to assume this shift in focus is down to director Oshii, who set out in something akin to the mode of his earlier work on the light-hearted Urusei Yatsura and by the midpoint was evidently itching to push in a new direction, one he'd follow in profoundly productive ways.  "The SV2's Longest Day" is quite literally a demo for his two Patlabor movies, both of which are masterpieces, and the second of which is essentially a feature-length retread of his work here.  And if anything, that new perspective is even more apparent in the final episode, which - despite a change of directors, with Naoyuki Yoshinaga taking the helm - picks up on what the previous two did and runs with it magnificently.

The first half of Patlabor: Early Days is good, there's no doubt about it: the animation is maybe a touch too cartoony for the concept, and there's a vague sense of identity crisis, as you'd expect with a show that has the cast chasing down terrorists one minute and battling a Godzilla knock-off the next.  But it's certainly pleasurable, and if that had been all there was on offer, I'd still have had positive things to say.  Moreover, I'm not certain the OVA as a whole would benefit from having those opening episodes match up with what the show would morph into: that chilled, amiable lead-in lets us acclimatise to the world and the characters before things get serious.  Still, it's the final three episodes that have really stood the test of time, and which edge Patlabor: Early Days from good to excellent: if Oshii and his collaborators would go on to achieve even greater successes with similar material, that doesn't erase what they accomplished here, and the depth, intelligence, artistry, and real-world significance they brought to what could so easily have been just another series about big robots.

The Legend of the Dog Warriors: The Hakkenden, 1990 - 1995, dir's: Takashi Anno, Yukio Okamoto

We're so used to animation, and film in general, having a consistent style, that when something comes along and throws that principle out the window, it's fairly gobsmacking.  I could show you stills from the thirteen part OVA series** The Hakkenden that you'd swear were from different shows, and I could even pick them from the same episode, and indeed from consecutive scenes.  How you'd respond to that would probably come down to what you're after from anime in general, because if all you want is a storytelling medium, it arguably gets in the way more than it helps; but if you're a fan of animation in its own right, this is a rare treat, a showcase for top-tier craftspeople indulging themselves in ways the format simply doesn't normally allow.  There's certainly a narrative function, and once you get past the strangeness, the way the style lines up with the content comes to seem pretty intuitive, growing loose or detailed or painterly or grotesque according to demands of mood and tone.  But there's also an impression that this was a purposeful attempt to let talented artists do their thing, and given some of the talent involved, that's a resoundingly sensible choice.  After all, the show would be an early opportunity for both Masaaki Yuasa and Kenji Kamiyama, two of the finest directors currently working in the medium, and while you can spot their presence if you look for it, the general level is so excellent that they barely stand out.

If the variations in style were no more than a chance to show off some fine animation and add some tonal emphasis, you'd hear no complaints from me, but it soon becomes apparent that all of this experimentation is ideally suited to a show with such an enormous cast and scope and range, and such striking variations in genre.  The Hakkenden's pseudohistorical tale of eight brothers born, due to a hugely misjudged promise, from the union of Princess Fuse and her family's pet dog, merges the epic and the intimate and has no problem with leaping from samurai action to serious drama to graphic supernatural horror, all the while expecting us to keep up with eight protagonists and countless supporting characters across multiple locations and a span of years.  The source material, Kyokutei Bakin's nineteenth century epic, is considered the longest novel in classic Japanese literature, and adapting that into thirteen episodes was a preposterously ambitious undertaking, but The Hakkenden does a splendid job of marrying the wider story with an emphasis on detail, pouring everything into individual scenes without forgetting their purpose in the overarching narrative.

Nevertheless, I'd be lying if I said I found it easy to follow: for the Western viewer with only a passing knowledge of Japanese history, and most of that gleaned from films and anime, there's a lot to keep track of, all the more so when entire episodes skip back to fill in side stories or move onto new topics without a backward glance, and when characters change name or status, and when other characters die and return from the dead or transform from babies to children over the space of months.  I watched The Hakkenden across a period of weeks, and that was obviously a mistake; burn through it in a weekend and I suspect everything would be clearer.  But however you go about it, this is definitely one to go out of your way for, a tale that manages to be grand and quiet, thrilling and melancholy, action-packed and philosophical, and does all of it accompanied by some sterling animation used in a decidedly radical fashion.  Anime may be overflowing with semi-historical, horror-tinged martial arts fantasies, but I'd struggle to point to a single one better than this, and its best episodes are practically without equal.

-oOo-

I do believe, bar that one post where I only reviewed stuff I already knew and loved, that this is the most consistently excellent selection we've had, and it's hard to imagine it being beaten any time soon.  Personally, my main takeaway is that somebody needs to slap The Hakkenden on a blu-ray or three right this damn minute, but that's probably only because I watched it most recently - though it's only grown on me in the time since.  Still, everything here is brilliant to a greater or lesser degree.  And thinking about it, the other three titles all have received modern releases and are fairly easy to lay hands on, so I guess there's hope yet.

Next time: back to randomness, and a major classic I've somehow taken all these years to get to...



[Other reviews in this series: By Date / By Title / By Rating]


* Strictly speaking, one's actually a movie that subsequently got lumped in with the OVAs in Western releases, but since it walks like an OVA and quacks like an OVA and happens to be half an hour long, that was surely the sensible call.

** Which is actually two OVA series, but they've never been released in the West as such and you really can't tell from watching.

Tuesday 12 January 2021

2020: There Can Be No Purpose In This

In trying to figure out this post, my mind kept drifting to the early Neil Gaiman graphic novel Signal to Noise.  Excepting a couple of volumes of The Sandman, it's my favourite thing Gaiman's written, and it's always stuck with me, but I'd rather hoped that its tale of a dying writer pressing on with a final project he knows he'll never complete wouldn't ever feel as relevant as it does now.  Not that I'm dying - I mean, not that I know of - but I'm three months into a book it's unlikely I'll even be able to finish, let alone attempt to sell.  Right now, I'm writing because, with months of near-total isolation behind me and many more ahead, I've no idea what else to do with myself.  Though I've effectively been out of paying work for half a year, I have underlying health problems that make hunting a new job in the middle of a pandemic a particularly dicey move.

And so I find my brain coming back to Signal to Noise, and especially to that one quote: "Today I did something strange.  I started to write.  There can be no purpose in this.  Still, I am writing."

2020 wiped me out in pretty much every conceivable way.  But specifically for the purposes of this post, it's left my career in tatters and killed off any real possibility that I can keep writing full time, with a large percentage of my output in limbo or languishing in other ways.  No doubt that has a lot to do with the pandemic that's wrecked so much for so many, so it's not like I feel singled out, but it's hard to know to what extent the year wouldn't have still gone disastrously if it had only thrown up the usual share of mishaps and complications.

I was supposed to have six and possibly seven books out in 2020.  Only one made it, my SF novel To End All Wars, and so far the sales figures for that - a book I poured more of myself into than anything I've written and, for me, definitely among the best I've produced - have been the lowest of any I've released.  Truth be told, I've had other books not do so great, and of course it's never fun, but those didn't break my heart so hard as this one.  I feel like there's a parallel universe somewhere where To End All Wars must have found its audience and connected with a bunch of people as something pretty unique, First World War-set science fiction mysteries with gay protagonists not exactly being ten a penny.  Hopefully publisher Aethon might yet figure out how to reach that readership, but in the meantime, if you've enjoyed any of my work and not yet picked it up, maybe now's a good time to?

As for those other five books, they were all with Michael Wills and his outfit Digital Fiction, which has been my principle publisher for the last four years.  One, of course, was the fourth and final entry in the Black River series, Graduate or Die, and another was my novella Graveyard of Titans; both are finished and have been ready to go since early summer.  The other three were my debut Tales of Easie Damasco series, which Michael persuaded me to withdraw from their original publisher Angry Robot so that he could give them a fresh lick of paint and an exciting re-release.  Clearly, none of that's happened, and I'd be lying if I claimed I know why.  Michael has mostly ignored my emails since the back end of 2019, but what he has said is that he's had a tough time in the pandemic and that he's seriously considering closing Digital Fiction, which already appears to be largely shuttered.  He's also, in fairness, said he still intends to put out these five books, but won't tell me when or discuss details.  With 2020 over and not a ghost of a release date, there doesn't seem much room for optimism.

All of that bad news would have been easier to suck up if there'd been any good news to counter it.  I guess the one book I haven't mentioned, the mysterious novella I'd hoped to have announced by now, falls into that category, except that here we are and I still can't, so the best to be said on that front is that it'll hopefully be a positive note in the very near future.  As for the short fiction side of things, the year got off to a fantastic start, with Ghost Drive in new market Hybrid Fiction and Not Us going to Nightmare, along with reprint sales of Casualty of Peace to The Dark and Parasite Art being picked up for this year's NewCon Press SF best-of.  Had it gone on in that vein, I'd have been more than happy, but the last nine months have been a wasteland: there's one sale I can't reveal yet and, fingers crossed, another coming soon, but given the staggering number of hours I've put in to revising and submitting short fiction, the results are effectively a disaster.

If all of this sounds as if I'm giving up, it's not like I've much of a choice at present.  I've no writing income and no particular hope of more coming along in sufficient quantity to save me from ruin.  But I have a couple of novels finished and a couple more at first draft stage, and I've spent a lot of the last six months readying a second short story collection, compiling and polishing a bunch of work I'm especially proud of, so I guess the time will come when I make moves in those directions.  It just won't be my priority if an alternative should come along.  Even were it not for the financial pressures, I don't have the heart for it right now.  Frankly, the publishing world hasn't treated me too kindly for the most part, and that's been particularly true of the last few months.  I am, at the very least, ready for a sizable break in which I try to figure out what the hell it is I'm doing.

Fortunately, there was some good that come out of 2020 - I've finally learned some slightly more than basic cooking skills, thanks to the rather brilliant Simplycook, my oldest friend has moved to the right end of the country, and at the very least I've enjoyed writing an absurd number of anime reviews - but my professional life has mostly been one long kick to the face, and I could do without twelve more months of that.  Up until recently, the plan was to wrap up the first draft of a book no one would read and then, assuming I could do so without major risk of death, look for whatever jobs people do who've gone from being self-employed in a profession nobody respects into an employment market ravaged by months of plague and government incompetence - but given the present vaccination schedules, even that's starting to look optimistic.  So who knows, maybe this new book will end up getting finished after all, whether I want it to or not?

Wednesday 6 January 2021

Guest Interview: Tej Turner

In a rare break from the regular anime reviews and exceedingly irregular writing news, let's get 2021 off on the right footing with something a bit different.  I first met Tej Turner at Fantasycon the year before last - or rather, I'm pretty certain we'd met no end of times before that, but that was the first occasion we properly got talking.  Since Tej is a lovely bloke and I knew where to find edible takeaway food in the near vicinity, we hung out a fair bit, but I don't recall getting much into his writing career, since I'm far too ill-mannered to ask all the regular questions you're supposed to ask in these situations.  Well, I'm addressing that right now!  Tej has a new book out, titled Bloodsworn, and what better time to pick his brains on the subject?  And, um, inquire about his tastes in anime?

-oOo-

- You've mentioned that your first two novels were semi-biographical.  Is that a common approach for you?  How much of yourself and your own life experiences would you say goes into your books?

I think that, to a certain extent, I'm always putting a part of myself into my characters (even if for some of them it is only a very small part), and I often write from what I know, drawing upon my own experiences.

I won't go into too many details here, but I didn't have the easiest childhood, and those two novels were part of a cathartic process for me dealing with that. None of the characters in them were completely me, but lots of the things they went through were inspired by events that happened to me during my youth. By writing the novel in such a way – using personal stories about myself, but warping them, and projecting them through fictional characters whilst entwining them with fiction, some of my dreams, nightmares, and a bit of surrealism – I was able to exorcise some of my personal demons whilst not exposing too much about myself and maintaining a certain amount of psychic distance.

I'm glad I wrote them that way, but I'm not sure if I will ever write novels of that nature again. I penned them when I was young and experimenting with different methods of writing, and I reached the catharsis I needed at that time. My adult years, in comparison, have been both much more stable and enjoyable.

- You describe those first two books as coming of age novels; were there opportunities in writing younger protagonists that would have been missing with older characters?  Were there ways in which it felt like a restriction?

It's certainly true that one cannot cover the full spectrum of the human condition by writing coming-of-age stories alone, but I've never claimed to have achieved such a thing (I don't think any single writer can). It was just what I wanted to write at that time and it was appropriate for those two novels. My latest novel (Bloodsworn, soon to be released) does also feature some youthful characters, but also several adult narrators too.

One thing I realised recently is that one of the themes which repeatedly occurs in my writing (whether I'm composing weird urban fantasy, epic fantasy, or some other sub-genre) is protagonists who are, whilst young, somewhat older than their years through circumstance, and I think that, just because a book is mostly told through young protagonists, that doesn't mean it doesn't contain adult themes. And it certainly doesn't mean it is not an adult novel. I think that, after the YA phenomenon happened, it became a label people felt inclined to throw at almost anything with a young protagonist, despite a huge amount of the adult epic fantasy before that term being coined featuring focal characters who were coming of age.

- You're extremely well-travelled, and obviously that's been a huge part of your life.  What have those experiences contributed to your writing?  Would you encourage other writers to do the same if they can?

Yes, it certainly has. Travelling has not only exposed me to many different cultures, climates, and landscapes, but I think it also informs my writing.

I have first-hand experience of a lot of things that will be familiar to readers of fantasy. I know what it's like to live in a jungle – without electricity and other modern comforts of the first world – and I've made long journeys through some of the world's highest mountain ranges, where I've suffered altitude sickness and been lost in the snow. I know what it's like to suddenly find oneself in a land which feels very strange, where no one speaks your language, and had to get by whilst crossing cultural divides as an outsider. I have even visited parts of the world that are quite lawless and had my life come into danger.

That said, I wouldn't say that you cannot write about these things without experiencing them; that's what research is for. 😊

I would recommend everyone to travel, for a whole host of reasons beyond enriching one's writing. Travelling broadens your horizons (beyond the literal sense), opens up your mind, and gives you a better understanding of how the world works. It exposes you not only to different places but, if you do it the right way, different ways of living, and, most importantly, different ways of thinking.

Although, I do also understand that travelling isn't possible for everyone. Not necessarily because of money, as it doesn't have to be as expensive as a lot of people believe (at least not the way I do it). A lot of people are not fortunate enough to be able to travel due to a whole host of other reasons, such as health, commitments, or, most commonly, which part of the world they were born in.

One thing I do want to put out there is this; if you are from the first world and thinking about going backpacking through less developed countries, there are some moral implications you should make yourself aware of. You should understand that you are, in a sense, taking advantage of a worldwide monetary system that is unfair, because you're venturing to places in which – by some rigging of the system most of us don't understand – your money suddenly becomes worth more and goes further. I don't think this should necessarily stop people travelling – because cultural exchange is mostly beneficial to world society and travellers inject much-needed money into growing economies – it is just something you should be conscious of so that you understand how important it is that you behave appropriately.

 - Your bio mentions that, amid your travels, you spent time volunteering at the Merazonia Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre.  That sounds like an amazing experience?

Yes, it was. When I said that I've lived in the jungle without electricity and other such things, that was one such occasion. I spent almost two months at Merazonia, and whilst a lot of it was hard work – and sometimes heart-breaking – it was also very rewarding. I was most often placed on duties that involved caring for primates, as they had a pair of baby woolly monkeys which needed babysitting, as well as a group of older ones they were preparing for release, along with a mischievous gang of capuchins. They had all kinds of other animals there, including tamarins, kinkajous, sloths, howler monkeys, a puma, and many tropical birds, all of which I helped care for at some point.

I've written a more in-depth account of my time at Merazonia, which can be found on my travelblog by clicking here. There are also links on that page to more information about them as an organisation if anyone reading this is tempted to volunteer there too or help them in other ways.

- You write both fantasy and sci-fi, but so far your novels have leaned toward the former.  Will we see a Tej Turner SF novel one of these days?

I didn't think of myself as an SF author until Elsewhen Press (my publisher) pointed out to me that The Janus Cycle (and its sequel Dinnusos Rises) featured time travel.

I think that urban fantasy as a genre is one which blends fantasy and science fiction so seamlessly that it's not always glaringly obvious that they've been combined.

I'm not sure if I'll ever write anything which is purely science fiction though. I like magic too much. Also, as someone who identifies Pagan – with animist beliefs and somewhat mystic leanings – my idea of reality is probably somewhat different from the post-Enlightenment materialism which pervades much of the consciousness of western contemporary culture. So, I have a feeling that, even if I one day write something purely futuristic, it will still contain elements that others will perceive as 'fantastical'.

I am currently writing a novel which is based on a world which is tidally locked – as in, one side of it is permanently faced to the sun, whilst the other is always dark – and I had to do a lot of research into astrophysics for it. That said, the people of the story (who live in the belt in the middle of the planet where it's constantly twilight) are in a mediaeval(ish) society, and thus have no idea that their cosmological alignment is somewhat strange and are unlikely to be building any spaceships soon. Does that count as science fiction?

 - Something I've been thinking about a lot this year, with so much going so visibly wrong, is whether my writing can be a useful force.  Is that an issue you've wrestled with?  Or is it okay to just be making the world a little less gloomy by entertaining people?

I think that fantasy and science fiction can be both escapist and culturally introspective, and most books are both of those things at the same time. My first two novels were deeply political (particularly Dinnusos Rises, which featured a grassroots activist movement rising up to incite societal change) as well as inclusive, featuring many characters who are LGBTQ and/or victims of social injustice.

My new epic fantasy series (being non-contemporary and somewhat less biographical) is a little more escapist in nature but has some political themes. One of the main protagonists is gay, and I channelled some of my own experiences of confronting prejudice into his thread of the story.

I don't believe there's such a thing as an 'unpolitical novel'; even by attempting to write such a thing one is making a political choice, and I can guarantee that, when such novels are put under a magnifying glass, certain views and prejudices of the author will be revealed through the choices they've made concerning the characters, events, setting, and themes.

 - I know one thing that we have in common is a fondness for older anime; care to pick a favourite?  And has anything recent caught your attention?

Yes, I started watching anime at an early age. I think I was about ten. This was way before the days of Pokémon (something that never resonated with me) and the anime industry in the UK was very niche back then. You could only really get hold of VHSs by ordering them through catalogues, because most shops didn't even stock them. Some of the most notable ones during my early fandom were Bio-Booster Armour Guyver, Akira, Genocyber, and Ghost in the Shell. Also, Laputa Castle in the Sky, as I was much more inclined to Studio Ghibli than Disney.

I think my favourite anime of all time is Neon Genesis Evangelion. I've watched it dozens of times, but there is such a vast ocean of subtext that I still to this day notice new details which bring new revelations with each viewing. The story of its production is an interesting one too: Hideaki Anno – its creator – had a nervous breakdown halfway through making it and, instead of giving up, chose to project everything he was feeling into the series. Its concluding film, The End of Evangelion, is a work of art, and for a large segment of it, it very much feels like the veil between narrative and Anno's psyche has been peeled away, and he's let his raw feelings about the human condition be laid bare. It is a masterpiece.

Some titles I've enjoyed during more recent years include; Claymore, Death Note, Children of the Whales, Attack on Titan, and Rwby.

 - Tell me a little about your upcoming novel Bloodsworn ... what's in there that perhaps readers might not have come across before?

It is a novel which will initially seem familiar to most readers. It begins like many of its ilk do – with a handful of youngish characters from the backwaters of a medieval secondary world – but the story takes a surprisingly grim turn when they receive the call to adventure, and from there veers in a direction that is much darker than most readers will initially expect. Like much of my writing, it is quite gritty. I don't want to say too much about it here because doing so would ruin the surprise. Its blurb (which can be read here) is a good introduction, and it's spoiler-free. 😊

 - What was the genesis of the series?  Was there a particular idea that everything else grew out of?

I grew up reading epic fantasy, so it was only natural that I would one day want to write it myself and do it my own way. I'm not sure if there was any singular idea it grew from, more a plethora of them, and there are way too many to mention them all. Some are probably subconscious and I'm not even aware of them.

I think it was the characters that I dreamt up first; both their relationships with each other and their individual stories were the initial skeleton with which I filled in everything else. And as always, I channelled some of my life experiences, both from my childhood and my adventures overseas.

Doubtless, much of what I've read over the years has inspired me, but I think other mediums have had an influence on me for this particular project too. Such as all the anime I mentioned earlier; that seems to have bled through quite heavily, as the world of Bloodsworn is filled with lots of strange mutant creatures, and some of its characters gain metamorphic abilities during the story.

 - I notice that the publisher page for Bloodsworn has both a map and a family tree of divinities!  Would you say you doubled down on the world-building for this one?

Yes, you could say that. 😉

One of the biggest pleasures in writing medieval fantasy for me lies within constructing a believable world. It's not enough to merely draw a map, but it's a good place to start. Once you have a terrain, you can look at it and consider how the people who dwell within it have been shaped by their geography. The cultural setting is just as important as a physical one, and a world filled with historical nuance will always be more believable.

Something else I did concerning the worldbuilding of this series – which is probably a little unusual for medieval fantasy – is that I made the world somewhat cosmologically different to our own. It has three moons, which made for all sorts of consequences concerning things such as its tides and calendar. Seafaring is an activity people seldom risk there, and they mark their days in 'aeights' (eights) rather than weeks, and their years are longer. I often do such things when I create second worlds (even when they're historic ones) because I find it a bit odd that epic fantasy seems almost exclusively filled with worlds that just so happen to be astronomically identical to our own, with one moon, regular seasons, twenty-four hour days, and 365 of them each year.

-oOo-

For those who'd like to know a little more about Bloodsworn, here's the blurb...

Bloodsworn: Book I of The Avatars of Ruin series

  Everyone from Jalard knew what a bloodoath was. Legendary characters in the tales people told to their children often made such pacts with the gods. By drawing one's own blood whilst speaking a vow, people became 'Bloodsworn'.

   And in every tale where the oath was broken, the ending was always the same. The Bloodsworn died.

It has been twelve years since The War of Ashes, but animosity still lingers between the nations of Sharma and Gavendara, and only a few souls have dared to cross the border between them.

The villagers of Jalard live a bucolic existence, nestled within the hills of western Sharma and far away from the boundary which was once a warzone. To them, tales of bloodshed seem no more than distant fables. They have little contact with the outside world, apart from once a year when they are visited by representatives from the Academy who choose two of them to be taken away to their institute in the capital. To be Chosen is considered a great honour… of which most of Jalard's children dream.

But this year the Academy representatives make an announcement which is so shocking it causes friction between the villagers, and some of them begin to suspect that all is not what it seems. Just where are they taking the Chosen, and why? Some of them intend to find out, but what they discover will change their lives forever and set them on a long and bloody path to seek vengeance…

“Classic epic fantasy. I enjoyed it enormously”
Anna Smith Spark

And here's Tej's bio...

Tej Turner has spent much of his life on the move and he does not have any particular place he calls 'home'. For a large period of his childhood, he dwelt within the Westcountry of England, and he then moved to rural Wales to study Creative Writing and Film at Trinity College in Carmarthen, followed by a master's degree at The University of Wales Lampeter.

After completing his studies, he moved to Cardiff, where he works as a chef by day and writes by moonlight. He is also an intermittent traveller who every now and then straps on a backpack and flies off to another part of the world to go on an adventure. So far, he has clocked two years in Asia and a year in South America. He hopes to go on more and has his sights set on Central America next. When he travels, he takes a particular interest in historic sites, jungles, wildlife, native cultures, and mountains. He also spent some time volunteering at the Merazonia Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre in Ecuador, a place he hopes to return to someday.

Bloodsworn is his third published novel. His debut novel The Janus Cycle was published by Elsewhen Press in 2015, followed by his sequel Dinnusos Rises in 2017. Both of them were described as 'gritty and surreal urban fantasy'. He has also had short stories published in various anthologies.

He keeps a travelblog on his website, where he also posts author-related news.